Historical origins of sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Verifiable beginnings of human science - Essay Example Auguste Comte reacted to the repercussions of the French Revolution and could see changes to society happening with the happening to the Industrial Revolution. He is regularly credited similar to the â€Å"father† of human science. Comte tried to apply the logical technique and ideas of soundness which he characterized as positivism to consider human social structures. The field of humanism was formalized in the advanced period by such masterminds as Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx. East of these masterminds introduced various speculations that originally looked to portray the manner in which social and urban units were sorted out. These speculations clarified the significance of specific propensities, for example, religion, animosity, or the manner in which work was sorted out. In the West, Durkheim, Weber, and Marx are viewed as the 'originators' of human science as their speculations, strategies, and bits of knowledge can at present be utilized to comprehend and gr ow new ideas managing social wonders today (Bilton et al, p. 5). However, what is intriguing is to bring up the issue did human science exist even before these masterminds showed up on the scene. Or on the other hand on the off chance that it didn't, what did it mean in different times of history. Absolutely there were scholars who contemplated their social orders at different times of history, conceivably similarly that current masterminds study their social orders. One can envision a guide to an Egyptian pharaoh saying to the lord that the helpless network ought to be composed in such and such a way. He may state that they ought to be close to waterways and parched land and also to a military network. He would disclose to the thoughtful that the individuals who are at present paying the most charges are the white collar class and that they even perceive their duties more to this one god than this other god. The ruler would inquire as to why and the old Egyptian humanist would then portray the historical backdrop of the ancestors of that gathering of working class individuals, to cause it to give the idea that their religion served certain necessities which ought to be accommodated. Durkheim, Weber, and Marx each contemplated the social associations and the religions of different old social orders. Likewise every one of these masterminds in the end composed works that were claims to fame and spoke to singular centralizations of every author. For instance, Durkheim composed books on religion and furthermore on self destruction. Marx, obviously is the most known about the masterminds. His work was pretty much in financial matters and social hypothesis that managed classes (Bilton et al, p. 100). Marx's accomplice, Engels composed a books on the English common laborers. Weber's most renowned book was The Protestant Ethnic and the Spirit of Capitalism, yet he had additionally composed on Roman medieval social orders. Weber wandered outside his solace subjects to expound on religion and Asian social orders. He expounded on antiquated Confucianism and Taoism. He likewise composed on Hinduism and Buddhism. Durkheim and Marx likewise had contemplated various religions. Durkheim showed the significance of religion in framing early social orders and how a portion of its standard exercises converged into city exercises. Durkheim’s hypothesis of anomie, social aberrance, today frames the reason for which numerous sociologists and criminologists fabricate speculations of social abnormality and subcultures (Bilton et al, p. 386). His speculations concerning the division of work among developing social orders help give great comprehension of Marx (who composed before him) and different scholars. The early scholars of western humanism were additionally acquainted with financial aspects. It was the progressions which the Industrial Revolution had set

Intellectual Property of tradename Research Paper

Protected innovation of tradename - Research Paper Example This paper tried to clarify whether the way that Gabby’s last name is Rally gives her the option to utilize it any way she wishes. The way that Gabby’s family name is Rally doesn't give her elite option to utilize it any way she wishes. In this way, for her to utilize the name as her trademark she needs to consider a few factors other than the way that it is her own name. Be that as it may, Gabby has the privilege to pick any name for her Pizza business as long as it doesn't encroach on another person’s exchange name. In any case, it ought to be noticed that few out of every odd exchange name that is like a current exchange name may result obligation for encroachment. In such manner, the law may not disallow two irrelevant organizations from utilizing a comparable exchange name. In any case, this may possibly be the situation when the conjunction of the two exchange names doesn't result to any danger of disarray among the general population. Therefore, this impli es two random organizations might be utilize a comparative name as much as the previously mentioned condition is maintained. For example, Gabby works a pizza business while Herman works a vehicle business. The two organizations are not related at all. Along these lines, on the premises of the way that two irrelevant organizations may utilize a comparative name, Gabby may not be restricted by the law to utilize the name her family name, Rally for her pizza business, despite the way that Herman’s vehicle business passes by a comparable name. In any case, it is obvious that, her utilization for the name Rally creates turmoil among general society. Individuals wind up making their pizza orders utilizing the phone quantities of Rally engines. This could consequently infer that, despite the fact that the name Rally is Gabby’s last name, its utilization imperils Herman’s vehicle business somehow. Accordingly, in this unique situation, Gabby may not be permitted to util ize the name Rally in any capacity she may wish despite the fact that it is her last name. This is on the grounds that the utilization of her family name for her business encroaches Herman’s exchange name which has just picked up grasp in the open space. For example, on account of Google v. American Blind No. 02-05340(Apr. 18, 2007), the court tested the legitimateness of a program by Google known as AdWords which abused the trademark law by encroaching of American Blind’s trademark blaming disarray in the clients for web crawlers therefore (Leslie, 2010). 2. Clarify whether it is important that Rally is related with pizza. In the choice of an exchange name, it doesn't generally make a difference whether the exchange name is identified with the item being referred to of not. As referenced before, what makes a difference most if whether the name encroaches on other built up exchange names or not. Additionally, in the event that somebody in the equivalent topographical t erritory began to utilize the exchange name some time before, matters a great deal too. Accordingly, as much as Rally isn't identified with Pizza, this may not go about as a requirement towards the utilization of that name by Gabby. To stay away from encroachment of somebody else’ exchange name, it is essential to pick an exchange name ought to be unmistakable. This consequently suggests the picked exchange name may not in any case be identified with the pr

7 Poor Parking Signs

7 Poor Parking Signs 7 Poor Parking Signs 7 Poor Parking Signs By Mark Nichol I’m inured to uncouthly communicated messages on stopping signs, yet the signage repeated here prompts a tagging binge by the spelling police. What, precisely, is a low-emmiting, fuel-efficent vehicle would it be able to leave there if it’s magn-efficent? what's more, how would you know whether you have one? This sign should peruse â€Å"Low-Emitting, Fuel-Efficient Vehicle Parking Only.† Sign creators in the United Kingdom are so amenable! They remorseful that they should burden you by educating you that this stopping territory is unacceptable for HGV’s. (As it were †to decipher for Americans don’t park your semi here, buddy.) That’s a beguiling sign, yet a punctuation and a s signals ownership; a s alone demonstrates a plural, and that’s what â€Å"HGVs† is. Along these lines, the message welcomes the inquiry, â€Å"Unsuitable for HGV’s what? Furthermore, who is HGV?† That’s encouraging to realize that none clients I surmise that implies â€Å"no customers† will be towed away. (At times, after I eat at a Mexican eatery, I have an inclination that I should be towed away or, even better, raised onto a flatbed truck.) Oh, I get it now: noncustomers. What truly secures this disappointment of a sign is the needless period after away, and the subsequent piece that follows. What’s a privae, and how can one park it (or them, as the Latin plural member - ae appears to show)? How sort of the sign producer, coincidentally, to shun occupying all that room on the ends of the week with an armada of privas. Here, two possessive things are rendered wrongly in various manners: They should peruse Golfers’ and Rafters’ (except if, obviously, the sign is focusing on a solitary crossbeam). Customer’s just what? We expect better of a dynamic worldwide market chain. (What's more, â€Å"1 hour parking†? I realize that business promoting is hostile to hyphenation that is maybe the most universal signage blunder however, does Whole Foods Market must be as imprudent as each other trader?) You needed to see this one coming: also called privates stopping. (Passage on Whitley, printing by Witless.) These pictures are from the sites Apostrophe Abuse, Funny Typos, and The Great Typo Hunt. Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Spelling class, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:Coordinating versus Subjecting ConjunctionsDifference among Squeezing and IroningConfusion of Subjective and Objective Pronouns

Women Empowerment Essay Sample free essay sample

Presentation Ladies commitment and driving capacity in organization is basic to acceptable organization to ensure ( I ) segment portrayal and commitment of networks in administrative and strategy contriving systems ; ( two ) delegate explanation of requests towards human improvement ; and ( three ) part [ film ] to specialists effectivity and answerability. Despite the fact that there has been an improvement and affirmation of the significance and capacity of grown-up females in organization as of late. their capacity and commitment has been restricted by inconsistent limit. inability to recognize grown-up females achievements and skills by most organization developments and minimizing institutional and social examples. Regardless of the protected commissariats. grown-up females despite everything see an antagonistic organization condition that upsets their useful commitment and driving capacity. South African Context Since 1994. the South African specialists has presented strategies. projects and foundations to ensure grown-up females commitment. liberation and made possibilities for grown-up females improvement. For delineation. ( I ) sexual orientation fairness is a cardinal authoritative opinion under the Bill of Rights of The Constitution of South Africa. We will compose a custom article test on Ladies Empowerment Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page what's more, the state has received modern rights-based resolution law with communicated notice to sexual orientation correspondence ; ( two ) the South African specialists is an endorser to territorial and worldwide instruments that advance sex uniformity ; ( three ) sex contemplations are coordinated into specialists arrangements and projects ; ( four ) In 2005 South Africa was the eleventh state to set up the 50/50 run ; ( V ) the Women Empowerment Unit was set up to put factors that impedes grown-up females full commitment in the authoritative concocting methodology ; ( six ) Commission on Gender Equality was set up ; ( seven ) region Structure Act ( 1998. 11 ( 3 ) specify equivalent sexual orientation portrayal ; the National Gender Machinery has been regulated ; and ( eight ) the Ministry for Women. Youngsters and Persons with Disabilities is a cardinal co-organizing point for the advancement and assurance of the privileges of grown-up females. children and people with disablements. A portion of the cardinal achievements towards grown-up females organization commitment and driving capacity to day of the month include: †¢ The portrayal of grown-up females in parliament has expanded from 25 % in 1994 to 44 % after April 2009 races ; †¢ The figure of grown-up females Ministers and Deputy Ministers expanded from 18 % in 1994 to 40 % in the 2009 political decision ; †¢ Women establish 42 % in Provincial administrative gatherings and 40 % of all chosen councilors at the Local Government Level ; †¢ 30 % of grown-up females in the National Council of Provinces are grown-up females ; †¢ Five of the nine states are driven by grown-up females Premiers. †¢ three of the country’s six metropolitan metropoliss are driven by grown-up females Mayors ; and †¢ South Africa is evaluated third all around in grown-up females portrayal in Parliament after Rwanda and Sweden. The Strategy/Approach: The general point of the program is planned for bettering grown-up females commitment and driving capacity through limit advancement inside ideological groups and other political arrangements. I. e grown-up females Parliamentarians and councilors. The push of the program assault is: †¢ Local responsibility for program at common degree to ensure maintainability ; †¢ Monitoring systems to ensure significance and effect. what's more, spread out on the present insight base on grown-up females commitment and driving capacity ; †¢ Multistakeholder assault to ensure wide commitment and backing ; †¢ Non-divided assault to enhance contribution to enhance the program ; and †¢ United Nations interagency coaction to widen capabilities and expertness and perception base. Visualized Results †¢ Improved grown-up females commitment and capacity inside organization foundations ; †¢ Increased figure of grown-up females Parliamentarians and councilors inside organization developments ; †¢ Effective organization foundations ; †¢ Improved organization open introduction ; †¢ Increased fulfillment of the Constitutional commissariats. in impossible to miss the sexual orientation fairness ; †¢ Increased cognizance on the significance of grown-up females commitment and driving inside organization developments ; A ; †¢ Progressive adjustment of attitude about grown-up females commitment and driving capacity inside organization foundations ; Recipients The donees of the Training program include: Womans Parliamentarians and councilors ; South African organization foundations ; Political gatherings ; Civil society organizations ; Labor organizations ; and South African rule law foundations. Progression to day of the month The primary phase of the planning program was directed by Gender Links. a Southern African NGO situated in Johannesburg. Ladies from nine states took part in the planning. [ film ] Gender Links has a notoriety for convey oning great research which it uses to advise arrangement and plans. fast activity and top of the line bringing. These are supported by a solid institutional development that remembers a prominent yet hands for board ; experienced staff and bearing crew ; sound monetary course and answerability and a solid checking and rating unit. GL is an appointed readiness foundation with the Education. Preparing. Improvement. Practices Sector Education Training Authority ( ETDP SETA ) . Workforce 1: Gender Awareness The points of this workforce were to: furnish members with cardinal sexual orientation builds for application in their work and to acquaint members with cardinal national. territorial and global committednesss for achieving sexual orientation uniformity. The Outcomes of the readiness program include: †¢ Women in assurance contriving enabled to fuse sexual orientation into every one of their projects. †¢ Enhanced women’s confirmation and capacity to use their capacity for progressively useful assistance bringing. †¢ Womans from ideological groups who went to the readiness included sexual orientation and women’s portrayal on their party’s docket. Staff 2: Gender and Media Literacy The point of this staff were to: Understand the build of media proficiency ; Understand the stipulation of SADC convention on Gender and Development and use them to their diverse setting ; Understand the gendered measurement of organization ; Gain achievement to keep media and pioneers responsible ; Figure out how to develop sexual orientation into runs ; and Develop their IT for protagonism. The consequences of the readiness program include: †¢ 128 grown-up females took an interest in online confab on the digital duologues. †¢ 128 grown-up females engaged on the utilization of the internet to make inquire about and with achievements to fundamentally arraign with the media †¢ Increased awareness on the commissariats of the SADC Protocol on Gender and Development. †¢ Enhanced ICT education achievements †¢ Enhanced fear of the effect of the media proficiency class Second stage: Stage two will focus on sex mainstreaming inside approach planning forms. program improvement and checking and sway evaluation.

The Delvoye Standard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Delvoye Standard - Essay Example Be that as it may, it is a flawed answer as neither states nor remote nations trust in the show. Watchwords: authority, locale, paternity, spot of home, Discussion the reality of the matter is that solitary 49 out of 50 United States have sanctioned the UCCAIA. Be that as it may, among them, there are some State courts that don't confide in another nation to keep it either. Such was the situation In re Sigmar, found at No. 10-08-00328-CV (Tex. Application.- - Waco 2008, orig. continuing). For this situation the family court judge discovered there was adequate motivation to give an order to forestall the dad evacuating the youngster to Mexico in light of the fact that the court didn't accept a court in Mexico would cling to the HCCAIA. The Texas Court of Appeals didn't accept the court had mishandled its tact in doing as such. It ought to be noticed that the Court of Appeals was likewise maintaining the lower courts’ however there was nothing gone into the evidentiary record to help the holding. Different U.S. Courts have maintained the UCCAIA, for example, Appellate Court of Florida in the much-advertised instance of Elian Gonzalez. Despite the fact that that case was to a great extent chose Administrative Law through the (at that point) Immigration and Naturalization Services, in an announcement of January 5, 2000, they depended on the essential universal laws of private position when choosing the status of the kid from Cuba who had washed into U.S Waters (para. 2). Despite the fact that Commissioner Doris Meissner doesn't explicitly make reference to the HCCAIA, she utilizes a significant part of a similar intelligent examination as does the Hague Convention, to be specific that the kid had a guideline spot of living arrangement in Cuba with his dad (para. 5). In spite of the fact that there is a lot of case law around the main living place of the baby and more established youngster, the case law around the neonate is inadequate and differed. Conversat ions of constant... The facts confirm that lone 49 out of 50 United States have approved the UCCAIA. Yet, among them, there are some State courts that don't confide in another nation to comply with it either. Different U.S. Courts have maintained the UCCAIA, for example, Appellate Court of Florida in the much-pitched instance of Elian Gonzalez. In spite of the fact that there is a lot of case law around the main living place of the baby and more seasoned youngster, the case law around the neonate is sparse and changed. Conversations of ongoing living arrangement clouds the truth of the neonate. It is at those minutes when the HACAIA is the fate of vital significance, past the high respect for ongoing living arrangement. For sure an infant to 6th month old baby can barely be said to have a constant spot of living arrangement. Where lies the scene for the infant? Schwartz (2004) gives endless supply of worldwide authority cases. Here, be that as it may, it is fitting to comprehend what occurs inside State courts when they neglect to follow the UCCAIA. HCCAIA and the UCCEA assume that there is a care request or some substantial position to communicate parental rights. Along these lines they skirt that part on proceed onward the setting. I would joyfully give a reference here yet its very nonattendance from case law recommends there is a lack of such cases at the re-appraising level and the UCCAIA holds no influence with the United States Courts considering the UCCJEA, when the global rules would be at their most noteworthy use.

readmission

readmission Ive been gone  for a while, but Im coming back! Withdrawing from MIT  to work for Amazon for a semester meant that quite suddenly, I had a lot more time on my hands than I was used to. I went to one of those competitive high schools, ran the college-admissions rat race, and kept running when I got to MIT. I took 72 units my sophomore fall (counting Unified Engineering), probably the most stressful semester of my life. I was lucky enough to have good friends and a strong community to support me during that time. When the opportunity came to spend a semester away from MIT working in industry, I jumped at the chance to take a break from school. The withdrawal/readmission process is fairly straightforward; you meet with a dean at S3 (they are wonderfully nice people. they will give you hugs.) and talk about why youre withdrawing, what your plan is for the time youre away, and what the expectations are for your readmission. Then, when youre ready to come back, you email your dean at S3 and your academic advisor, and theyll help you fill out a readmission application (which involves a personal statement, a plan for finishing your degree, and reference letters from your employers and/or doctors, as the case may be). I had to worry about a lot of things I didnt have to worry about while I was at school. Those things included: buying groceries, cooking for myself, paying bills on time, maintaining long-distance friendships, and actively cultivating a social life (so much harder when you dont live in a building full of friendly people your age). I also had a chance to do lots of things I failed to do while at school, such as: sleep every night, not fall asleep during the day, eat regularly, exercise regularly, explore my city, read books, watch Julianne Moore movies, write letters and poetry, maintain work-life balance. Its safe to say Im a different person than the one that left MIT. Id like to think Im more comfortable in public (and non-MIT) settings. I understand better what I finding meaningful and what I dont. I know how to treasure (and defend) my silence, my solitude, and my friendships. Its remarkable how much you discover about yourself when you allow yourself to contemplate, to feel deeply, to be lonely, to think about your life and your beliefs and be confused. Perhaps school does not encourage this, muchyou cant put I think about my feelings a lot on your resumebut nevertheless it is important to know yourself, and who you are in isolation, as we charge forward with our lives. Many of the friends I made at work were MIT alums, class of 2014 or 2015, and in them I saw brief glimpses of my future. They were settling in, as freshly-minted Real Adults do, buying furniture and finding friends, working hard at money-making and growing older. I dont think you really see what thats like in a two-month summer internship; by the time youre settled in, youre about to leave. But weeks pass, and at the three- or four-month mark you begin to see how this new life has affected you, and you think about the person youve become and whether or not you like it. Hearing their regrets and memories and advice has been impossibly valuable, and Im incredibly grateful for their friendship. Im moving back to East Campus, this time on fifth west, and am nervously anticipating the thrill of new places and new friends. I am hopeful that this semester will be better than the ones before it, for my learning as well as for my health and heart. Taking a break from MIT has been a great privilege, one Im aware is not an option for everyone. But if you are a few semesters through school and find yourself unsure of yourself, and find the opportunity to be away for a while, I recommend you seriously consider it. That kind of time is both valuable and formative, in ways that are hard to predict and impossible to quantify. Five poems from my time away. 6/20/2015: jupiter and venus did not ride, nor did they orbitthey walked slowly, when they met for their scheduled rendre-visite friday afterevening flashes of quiet, a touch, old-school; a bang of thunder on the west horizon, hair and wind and night dew with strangers to passers who asked how? one answered we climbed the other, we flew, navigating the spaces between a restless sunset and a starry night 9/17/2015: fast heartbeats, anxious music, soft and round and oddly cornered art in strange bodies, dancing around the shower-room-floor, living sculpture, animated feather-rock song and mixed media, found re-up-cycled, shelleys monster collaged and confused and purposelessly led to sunrise 9/26/2015: curious blinking red in the horizon darkness narrow lamps, strange food for a four-foot floor-rollers radio-static contemplation disconnected words and white noise, suspense, thumpa-thumpa down the street and straws grasping fishhooks, the pope speaks and the speaker goes mute; i shirk responsibility and sleep until five 12/31/2015: common threads tie old-new friends, bundles and kindling, twenty-one tree rings circle our hearts, some thick, some wispy; odd mercies sing medicine. we sleep lonely in our beds, swaying slow-dances with the midnightly hours. suns set on empty playgrounds. i walk the chaparral brush, hand-in-hand with a dust-haired friend. i talk in bad chinese. its quiet uptown. we miss the ones we love, and hurt, while slow threads bind us to the unimaginables. 1/14/2016: it is dark-early, cant-tell-if-its-one-or-six early, i wake from my floor-bed and find my friend has sent me sad poetry, nostalgic filters and slow-churning gravel, and lifetimes of slow lostness, and an actor of antagonists and a glam-rock starchild have died, and the friend i do not like anymore did not come to my party, and my furniture is bared for sale i peek into other peoples coziness. how do they eat? how do they love? how many of them also lie awake and read sad poetry and miss company-in-darkness, and feel the slow-churning gravel in their legs?

Neo Shamanism, Organ Transplants, Ayurveda, And...

Our group chose ethnomedicine for our digital poster, bringing together the topics of neo-shamanism, organ transplants in biomedical organ transplants, Ayurveda, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In discussing potential intersectionality between our areas of interest, we quickly recognized a continuum that placed biomedicine—as a mechanistically informed approach focusing on individuals and pathologies—on one end of the spectrum, and shamanism—with its focus on the ‘unseen’ aspects of existence and the vital connection of all life forms (fig. 4)—at the other. The highly systemized nature of TCM and its emphasis on the mechanisms of physiology, pathologies and the anatomical system placed it next to biomedicine on the continuum; Ayurveda was closest to shamanism in our assessment, due to a more explicit acknowledgment of the interaction between the mental, personality and physical aspects of health. While this provided a base of compariso n, we struggled with creating a theme that could portray the idea in a meaningful way—why is this continuum from biomechanical to spiritual important? How does it impact the lives of human beings? It was upon reflection on the mind/body dichotomy that we glimpsed insight suitable for a narrative; playing on the concept of body parts (fig. 1) in light of Jonathan’s focus on transplants, Kalycia brought up Frankenstein. TCM’s theory of qi offered an analogous relationship to Dr. Frankenstein’s use of electricity in animating his

The Constitution Of The United States - 972 Words

The constitution, the governing document of the United States, virtually perfect in its creation and given life through the thoughts, worries, and dreams of a few great and very intelligent men, it can be said to be the living law of the land, one that has grown and matured with society and the world of today. This document has performed amazingly in its ability to represent the people of its time and to allow room for interpretation of law in combination with society to allow it to continue to represent the people of the future. Created out of the desperation to preserve a struggling country, this document has been mirrored by others in order to create or recreate governments in many parts of the world. Still, despite of this, it seems that many in power within the United States at this time appear to struggle with the proper interpretation of this living law of the land, and instead manipulate government to achieve personnel agendas or personnel benefit in some fashion, while turni ng a near blind eye to any influence of constitutionality. So, in response to this, I feel that three amendments should be added to this great document, one out of the spirit of redundancy to illustrate the obvious, and the other two out of necessity to address issues of integrity and stability within government and society. These amendments reflect the issues of term limits to those within Congress, a religious freedom protection clause, and an American Integrity clause; the effects andShow MoreRelatedThe United States Constitution And The Constitution Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States Constitution, this very detailed group of words was written in 1787, but it did not take effect until after it was ratified in 1789, when it replaced the Articles of Confederation. It remains the basic law of the United States then and till the present day of 2016. The first state to ratify the Constitution was Delaware; the last of the original thirteen to ratify was Rhode Island and since only nine were required, this was two years after it went into effect. When the U.S. ConstitutionRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Constitution Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pages(framers’ of the U.S. Constitution) position on the Presidency: The framers experienced the abuse of the English monarchs and their colonial governors. As a result, the framers were skeptical of the excessive executive authority. Furthermore, they also feared excessive legislative powers. This was something that the Articles of Confederation had given their own state legislatures. The framers of the constitution deliberately fragmented power between the national government, the states, and among the executiveRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States885 Words   |  4 Pages In 1787, our founding fathers came up with a few principles that would establish what we now know as the United States of America. These principles were put on paper to serve as a guideline for how the United States would be operated and structured. This historical piece paper became known as the Constitution of the United States. In the Constitution, a Preamble is implemented at the beginning that essentially tells what the founding fathers set out to do. â€Å"We The People, in order to form a moreRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States894 Words   |  4 Pagesthe substratum for that country. A Constitution can be defined as a document that is the substratum of the country’s principles. Elements in the Constitution may contain sundry information. Which can include: how many terms a leader may serve, what rights the citizens have, how the judicial system works, etc. The United States in no different from those countries. Every constitution is different, no country has the exact constitution as another. The U.S Constitution is a four-page document detailingRead MoreThe United States Constitution Essay1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States constitution was written in 1787 by the founding fathers of this country. Now it might be appropriate to question why a document that is the basis of the government for one of the most culturally and racially diverse countries in the world, was written by a group of heterosexual, cisgender, rich, white men. Some might think that a constitution written well over 200 years ago would be outdated and irrelevant to the American society of today but with some research, it is quite theRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States756 Words   |  4 PagesPromulgation and Legislation in the U.S. Constitution: The federal system of government of the United States is based on its constitution. The Constitution grants all authority to the federal government except the power that is delegated to the states. Each state in the United States has its own constitution, local government, statute, and courts. The Constitution of the United States sets the judiciary of the federal government and defines the extent of the federal court’s power. The federalRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States of America has previously experienced failure every now and then. With trial and error, the country has learned to correct its ways and move toward(s) perfecting itself. Realizing the ineffectiveness of the Articles of Confederation is a prime example of the U.S. learning how to better itself. Subsequent to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution of the United States was set as our new and improved framework of government. Possessing knowled ge on how America, although strongRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States951 Words   |  4 Pageshappening again. Unlike the artifacts, The Constitution of the United States has not been forgotten, it is actually still very alive today. Unlike most relics, The Constitution still holds a very heroic and patriotic implication, freedom. With freedom comes self-government, freedom of speech, religious tolerance, etc. With all these things comes the great responsibility to adapt and fit to the wants and needs of the decade. Even though the Constitution was made for the interests of the people ofRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1338 Words   |  6 Pages The Constitution is the basis of law in The United States and has been since it was written in 1789. Since then it has been amended 27 times with the first ten amendments collectively known as the Bill of Rights. The US Constitution was preceded by the Articles of Confederation and supported by the Federalist Papers which we will touch more on later. James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson all wrote or influenced The Constitution in a very important way. Alexander HamiltonRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1388 Words   |  6 PagesInterpretation of the Constitution is one of the biggest conflicts within the United States–the highly contentious issue of states’ rights resulted from two different interpretations of what powers should belong to the federal government versus what powers belong to the individual states. No issue has ever caused as much turmoil as the issue of states’ rights–but one side must have more v alid arguments. Should the federal government’s power be superior, or should the authority of the individual states be held

Examples Of Important Trade Offs - 1387 Words

Gino Palummo Microeconomics Final Due: 12/12/15 1. Examples of important trade-offs that I face in my life†¦ - To go out with my friends or to stay in and study. - Whether to take a nap or do my homework. - To buy a new car or to save my money. 2. a) Economists make assumptions to simplify a complicated world to make it easier to understand and to focus our thinking to the importance of the problem. If we focus on what we are really looking for it will make coming up with a solution much easier. b) Economists sometimes offer conflicting advice to policy makers because each economist might have a different view on any situation depending on their religion, political view, etc. c) An economic model cannot describe reality because it would be too hard to understand. A model is simplified to show what is the most important. 3. a) No, economic output did not start growing faster than the population from the beginning of the human inhabitation of the earth because rapid and sustained economic growth is a modern phenomenon. b) Modern economic growth began with the Industrial Revolution in 1760. c) No, all of the world’s nations did not experience the same extent of modern economic growth because the vast differences in living standards seen today between rich and poor countries are almost entirely the result of the fact that only some countries have experienced modern economic growth. 4. a) The difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics is thatShow MoreRelatedOperational Effectiveness Is Not Strategy1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthe world of business today, rivals can quickly copy market position, and competitive advantage is temporary. The problem is the failure to distinguish between operational effectiveness and strategy. Operational effectiveness and strategy are very important but they work in very different ways. A company can outperform rivals only if they can deliver greater value to customers or create comparable value at a lower cost, or do both. We can have cost advantage if we perform particular activities moreRead MoreGscm550 Week1 Study Questions818 Words   |  4 Pages1: Illustrate a common trade-off that occurs between the work areas of logistics. According to Bowersox (2012) â€Å"trade-offs between procurement, manufacturing, and logistics is to understand that the trade-off is between the cost and risk associated with anticipatory manufacturing and the loss of economy of scale resulting from introducing flexible procedures†. 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Business Management And My Dream Job - 1518 Words

During my sophomore year in high school, I made up my mind, I wanted to study business. My uncle owns his own business, he took me to work with him one day ever since then I have been in love with the concept of being your own boss. Although I didn’t really understood at the time what the job required or was about. The environment felt so natural and positive. As I got older and started looking more into it really felt like something suited for me that is why I choose this career. My major is Business Management and my dream job is to become a Management Analyst. A bachelor degree is needed for entry level job as a management analyst, however most employers prefer to hire management analyst who has a Master’s Degree in Business Administration (MBA). 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National Security Strategy Comparison Free Essays

Mid-Term Essay – Compare/Contrast European Security Strategy (ESS) with US National Security Strategy (NSS) By James E. McDonald Regional/Cultural Studies Lesson 03 24 Mar 2013 Instructor: Col (ret) Frank Belote Air Command and Staff College Distance Learning Maxwell AFB, AL The Security Strategy of the United States has marked similarities and differences to the Security Strategy of Europe. This can be effectively traced to the similarities and differences between the two cultures themselves, particularly in the cultural factors of religion, modernization, ethnicity/nationalism, and geography. We will write a custom essay sample on National Security Strategy Comparison or any similar topic only for you Order Now The US and Europe have different responses to the modernization of warfare from traditional (ships, armies, tanks, aircraft) to â€Å"asymmetrical† (terrorism, cyber-warfare), largely from differences in geography: With the notable exceptions of Pearl Harbor and the World Trade Center, our enemy threat has been thousands of miles away, while Europe has seen two bloody â€Å"world wars† and acts of terror committed right on home soil. However, for the purposes of this paper, I will focus on religion and ethnicity/nationalism, and how these two factors affect strategic culture. Culture is important. It defines what’s important to a group, or nation. It emerges in stated doctrine, laws, strategy. It defines who we ARE. There are common views, interests, priorities, and verbiage in both Security Strategic documents. Major powers are at peace. The world economy has grown; globalism is increasingly important. We must reduce dependency on foreign energy. We have a commitment to alliance with each other (US and Europe) via NATO (Obama, 2010, 1-9) (European Security Strategy, 2003, 2-14). NATO has made a strong tie between the US and Europe since it was created to contain the Soviets, integrating Europe and the United States politically and militarily (Friedman, 2011, 1). In fact, â€Å"For any kind of military planning and operations with regard to Russia, the Europeans will prefer to act through NATO rather than the EU. † (Valesek, 2008, 1) In contrast to the above commonalities, the United States document, while acknowledging that â€Å"no one nation—no matter how powerful—can meet global challenges alone†, repeatedly shows glimpses of â€Å"Nationalist† overtones with statements such as, â€Å"Our country possesses the attributes that have supported our leadership for decades—sturdy alliances, an unmatched military, the world’s largest economy, a strong and evolving democracy, and a dynamic citizenry. † (Obama, 2010, 1-9). The European document, on the other hand, openly and repeatedly calls for â€Å"Unification† and â€Å"Cooperation† (European Security Strategy, 2003, 1-8). The United States can draw from European religious history and ethnic origin, which gives it some cultural similarities. At the same time, the birth of our nation was so much more recent, and so dramatically different from the beginning of European history, that it’s no wonder there are fundamental differences in culture. Even before the Declaration of Independence (â€Å"God† and â€Å"truth† referenced) or the US Constitution were drafted (â€Å"freedom of religion†), early America was rooted in Christianity. The first Pilgrims fled religious persecution in Europe. Christian doctrine has been quoted in speeches given by American leaders from the beginning (Governor John Walthrop, Massachusetts Governor, 1630), to recent/present-day Presidents (Reagan, GW Bush, Obama), The United States has been referred to as something â€Å"different†, a shining example all the world to see and emulate, a â€Å"city on a hill†. (Walthrop, 1630, 1). America, from its beginnings to today, while welcoming diversity, continues to be a predominately Christian culture, allowing for religious overtones in national documents (mostly visible through reference to â€Å"values†, and â€Å"truth†). Europe on the other hand, in its challenge to unify the 27 countries that form the European Union (Rosenberg, 2011, 1), must tread lightly so as not to alienate or anger any portion of the contemporary combination of Christian, Muslim, and â€Å"Secular† cultures (Rubenstein, 2011, 1). Both the US and Europe are ethnically and racially diverse. Many marvel at the ability to retain direction and focus in the face of such diversity. Early America molded immigrants into a â€Å"melting pot†, mixing historical roots into a soup that became distinctly â€Å"American†. Nowadays, the preference is to hold on to ethnic differences and describe the result as a â€Å"mosaic† or â€Å"salad bowl† – separate pieces that, when viewed as a whole, create a larger picture (Branigin, 1998). In spite of this recent shift to retain ethnic individuality, America seems to successfully categorize this into its frontiersman â€Å"rugged individualist† mentality, yet in shunning division along racial lines, manages to successfully embrace all groups into a sense of singular â€Å"nationalism†. Europe on the other hand, struggles to balance 27 nations, each with their own sense of nationalism, without giving significant preference to any one culture. The ultimate impact of these religious and ethnic/nationalistic differences is that, yes, the US National Security Strategy reads differently than the European Security Strategy. The variance in background results in different wording and stance, different reasons for why we do what we do, and the desired result. This can cause misunderstanding, and even distrust between these two great entities. However, it’s important to conclude that overall, we BOTH have the same ultimate intent: a continued commitment to trans-atlantic relationship, globalized economy, reduced dependency on foreign energy, and, most importantly, peace and security to our world (Obama, 2010, 1-9) (European Security Strategy, 2003, 2-14). In conclusion, many world researchers (including Samuel P Huntington in his map of â€Å"The World of Civilizations†), when identifying cultural categories in the world, group the US, Canada, Greenland, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand as â€Å"the West† (Huntington, 1997, 26). Due to the emphasis on strong religious roots, belief in right, manifest destiny, and ethnic diversity in the United States, our stated objectives and self-identified role in the world is unique. However, overall, European – US strategy and culture are not so remarkably different. BIBLIOGRAPHY Branigin, William, â€Å"The Myth of the Melting Pot: America’s Racial and Ethnic Divides. Immigrants Shunning Idea of Assimilation† (Washington, DC: Washington Post, 25 May 1998), http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt0525a. htm European Security Strategy, A Secure Europe in a Better World, (Brussels, 12 December 2003), 2-14 Friedman, George, â€Å"The Crisis of Europe and European Nationalism† (Austin, TX: StratFor Global Intelligence, 13 September 2011), 1, http://www. stratfor. com/weekly/20110912-crisis-europe-and-european-nationalism Huntington, Samuel P. , â€Å"The World of Civilizations† The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, NY: Touchstone, 1997), 26-27 Obama, Barack, National Security Strategy (Washington, DC: Whitehouse Archives, 2010), 1-9 Rosenberg, Matt, â€Å"European Union Countries† (About. com, 09 December 2011), 1, http://geography. about. com/od/lists/a/eumembers. htm Rubenstein, Richard L. , â€Å"Islam and Christianity: The Roots of Europe’s Religious Identity† (New English Review, December 2011), 1, http://www. newenglishreview. org/custpage. cfm/frm/102790/sec_id/102790 Valesek, Tomas, â€Å"Europe’s Defence and its New Security Strategy† (Center for European Reform Bulletin: London, England, Dec 2007-Jan 2008), 1, http://gees. org/documentos/Documen-02705. pdf Walthrop, John, â€Å"Modell of Christian Charity† (Massachusetts, 1630), 1, How to cite National Security Strategy Comparison, Essay examples

Structural Analysis for Cantilever Truss- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theStructural Analysis for Cantilever Truss. Answer: Forces in Statistically Determinate Cantilever Truss Introduction This experiment examines determinate or indeterminate trusses in redundancy besides enabling theoretical and practical analysis of principles for structures which are both determinate and indeterminate(Kassimali, 2014). A fixed framework which is composed of two members in which one of them is redundant is mounted in pinned support at one end and a roller support at the other end. The redundant member cannot prevent the structure from falling even though it can be part of the structure. The other member is a ring through which the redundant member passes ensuring all members are lying on the same plane. Electronic loading cells are used in applying loads and the forces measured using digital force display. Deflections in the framework are determined by a displacement reading meter(Menon, 2009). The force of each member can be estimated using the strain, Young's modulus and the cross-sectional area of the member. The experiment has been done in two parts: Engaging the redundant member in which we analyzed the structure as determinate Without engaging redundant member in which the cantilever truss acted as an indeterminate structural member. Theory A truss system is a structure made up of slender members joined at their ends and is often constructed using channels, wooden struts, angles and metal bars in which the end members are either welded or bolted together. The sum of the vertical forces, horizontal forces and the moments must be zero for a truss system to be statistically determinate and the equation b+r=2j is used to determine whether a truss system is determinate or not(Faraji, 2016). If b+r2j, the truss is said to be statistically indeterminate while if b+r2j then the truss system is unstable implying there arent enough reactions to constrain all the joints. Procedure The truss system is loaded in two situations-determinate with seven members and indeterminate using eight members. The loading starts at 50N and is increased by 50N each time up to 250N. Strain Gauges are used in measuring the internal forces of the members and the strain gauges used in calculating the displacement of the members. The equipment software is used in recording the values of the strain at each member. The internal forces of each member are calculated using strain, Young's modulus, and cross-sectional area. The final results for both truss situations are saved(Raikar, 2011). References Faraji, S. (2016). Fundamentals of Structural Engineering. Kansas: Springer. Karnovsky, I. A. (2010). Advanced Methods of Structural Analysis. New York: Springer Science Business Media. Kassimali, A. (2014). Structural Analysis. Kansas: Structural Analysis. Megson, T. (2005). Structural and Stress Analysis. London: Butterworth-Heinemann. Menon, D. (2009). Advanced Structural Analysis. London: Alpha Science International. Raikar, R. V. (2011). Elements of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics. New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.

Statistical Mechanics and its Applications †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. Answer: Introduction Since the introduction of flight in 1903, air travel has become a crucial mean of transport for populace and goods. The hundred-plus years after the development of the foremost aircraft have brought about an uprising in the method people journey. The airlines industry is a major industry that has helped a lot of countries to shape their economies (Chang et al. 2014). This industry has become important not only as a faster way of haulage but also as a way of making a living. Today, the global airlines industry includes more than 2000 airlines operating more than 39,000 aircrafts that are responsible for providing services to over 5000 airports (Belobaba et al. 2015). In the case of the US airlines industry, approximately 100 proficient passenger airlines companies are operating in the country. They are responsible for over 12 million flight departures per year and carry over nearly one-third of the worlds total air traffic. This airlines industry has direct impacts on the employment r ate of the country along with impacts on company profitability and economy of the country. Some areas that are indirectly impacted by the airlines industry in the US are aircraft manufacturing industry, airports, tourism industry and hotel industry. According to Dana et al. (2017), commercial aviation in the United States of America normally contributes 8 percent of the countrys Gross Domestic Product. However, this airline industry is not able to experience higher amount of profitability for several reasons. This report will focus on the factors that are preventing the US airlines industry to improve its profitability. Based on those factors, a strategy will be recommended so that the US airlines industry can increase its overall profitability in the future. At the beginning of 20th century, the management strategies and practices of US airlines industry were essentially changed mainly due to deregulation, liberalization and competition. All the airlines organizations started to focus on cost management and productivity enhancement (Mallikarjun 2015). In the past, the airlines companies used to take advantage of scale economies through internal growth and/or mergers. However, the government became concerned about industry consolidation and as a result, further mergers became less likely. During the period of 2001, the airlines industry of the US experienced a major crisis mostly because of economic downturn that reached critical proportions after the terror attack of September 11, 2001 (Dai et al. 2014). Since then the US airlines industry has made tremendous improvements. In order to understand the current scenario of the US airlines industry, three aspects can be described which are Hub and Spoke model, unique cost structure and top costs and drivers (Scotti and Dresner 2015). Hub and Spoke Model: Network Carrier: It provides most of the flights from at least on hub, where adjourning flights are made. Regional Carrier: It delivers airlines services to small cities. Hub: Airport network carriers are used as a transfer point to get passengers to their anticipated destinations. Spoke: These airports are mainly served by regional or contracted airlines that assist a hub with connecting flights. Labor cost (32%): It is a highly unionized industry where there are high wage premiums and long-term union contracts. However, right after the deregulation non-union competitors emerged. On the other hand, unions were challenged by bankruptcies for wage concessions (Zou et al. 2014). Fuel cost (18%): It includes price of crude oil, fuel burn efficiency of aircrafts, route flown and circumvent with forward contracts. Aircraft leasing cost (3%): This cost is associated with the aircrafts that are operational through leasing procedures. Within this part three attributes are majority fixed cost (aircrafts are purchased or leased, fuel and labor cost, leasing space from airports), minority variable costs and aim to improve customer load factor. In the US, there are mainly three types of airlines that include four major carriers. Those four carriers are dominating nearly 70% of the total market share in the US airline industry. These four major carriers are also offering full service to the consumers without asking for any type of extra charges (Hannigan et al. 2015). Those three types of airlines are major airlines, low cost carriers and regional airlines. Type of airline Explanation Distinctive factors Market share (per airline) Major Airline These are known as the full service airlines that has various hubs and destinations to all 50 states. Fares for these type of airlines include baggage, food and other costs. Hubs, large market share, prices are higher, all-inclusive pricing. 14%-20% Low cost carriers These types of low cost carriers mostly focus on delivering cheap flights to most of the states of the country. Homogeneous aircrafts are used by these airline organizations along with no frills ticket pricing model to remove unnecessary costs. Ticket prices are lower, fleets are homogeneous, no hub and spoke, no frills pricing. 1%-5% Regional airlines These types of airlines only serve within a particular geographic area with the United States. Regional airline organizations are generally small and most of the times operate for some major airlines. Centered to region, Most of the times operate as a part of larger airline companies. Less than 2% A competitive forces analysis of the industry In order to conduct a competitive forces analysis on the US airline industry, Porters five forces analysis is provided below. Supplier power (High): In the airlines industry of the United States of America, the power of suppliers is immense. This is due to the reality that three inputs that the airlines have in stipulations of fuel, aircrafts and employment. All of these factors are exaggerated by the peripheral atmosphere. For example, the outlay of aviation fuel can experience fluctuation in the worldwide market for oil, which can rotate riotously as a result of geopolitical and other factors (Borenstein and Rose 2014). On the other hand, labor force entirely depends on the power of the unions who are responsible for bargaining and receiving irrational and expensive concessions from the airlines organizations. Besides, the airlines organizations need aircrafts either on absolute sale or wet lease base. That clearly indicates that airlines organizations are bound to have trust on the two big organizations which are Airbus and Boeing for their aircraft requirements. That is why; the supremacy of suppliers i n conditions of the three inputs required for them is categorized as towering. Buyer power (Moderate to high): With the introduction of online ticketing and allotment systems, consumers are no longer depending on the agents and mediators as well as the airlines for fulfilling the ticketing necessities. On the other hand, the growth and popularity of low cost carriers in the US airlines industry along with the ensuing price wars has also helped the consumers. Besides, the rigid governmental rules and regulations are also protecting the passengers and fliers which have tipped the balance of power in the favor of the consumers (Bazargan et al. 2013). As a result, it can be stated that the buyer power in the airlines industry of the US is moderate to high. In addition, the buyers are also allowed to engage in price discovery. It means now the passengers nowadays are absolutely not bothered about the ticket price as they have numerous options and channels via which they can book their tickets. Besides, as low cost carriers are offering exemplary low prices for air t ravel, the consumers are slowly but steadily shifting towards those airlines organizations. It has forced the major airlines to reduce their ticket prices to retain the existing consumers (Barla 2013). From this scenario it is again clear that consumers hold a great amount of power in the airlines industry of the US. Entry and exist barriers (High): Any organization that wishes to join the US airlines industry will need huge capital investment. Even when an organization will exit the sector, it will have to write down and soak up many fatalities. It clearly indicates that the entry and exit barriers are high for the airlines industry. In order to enter in the airlines industry of the Unites States, it is required to have a high infusion or capital; therefore, it is not easy for everyone to enter in this industry (Brueckner et al. 2013). Along with high capital, sophisticated knowledge and expertise is also required in order to enter this industry which is again not easy to have. On the other hand, exist barriers are subjected to rules and regulations. Policies in the United States of America never allow the airlines companies to depart easily except they are fully contented that there are authentic business reasons. Moreover, the airlines industry of the United States of America leverages the eff icacies and the synergies from the economies of scale and therefore; the barriers to entry is high. Threat of substitutes and complementarities (Low to moderate): The airline industry of the United States has minimum amount of threat from substitutes and complementarities. For long term journeys, consumers prefer air travel rather than travelling via bus or train. Therefore, flying is the natural occurrence for the consumers of the US. Therefore, the impact of bus and trains as substitutes is low (Baker 2013). However, some Americans also love to travel by their cars for long distances which can become a threat for the airlines industry in the near future. On the other hand, as for complementarities, the services like free Wi-Fi, a la carte meals and passenger facilities that are offered by full service airline companies does not attract higher amount of consumers. Passengers are mostly attracted by lower fares than these extra facilities. Lower cost for flying the same amount of distance is provided by the lost cost airlines. Therefore, the chances are high that consumers will shi ft from large airline companies to low cost airline companies (Lu et al. 2014). However, it is also true that in the US, low cost airlines do not cover all the states which will force the consumers to use full service airlines organizations. Intensity of competitive rivalry (High): The airline industry in the United States is tremendously spirited mainly because of the entry of low cost carrier airlines. On the other hand, the rules and regulations related to passenger safety are tightening regularly. As a result, operating expenses are rising normally. Additionally, in order to gain competitive advantage, some airlines companies are using highly modified safety accessories which are again increasing their overall operational costs. Besides, the airlines industry of the US is synchronized on the supply side more than the stipulate side (Keiningham et al. 2014). It means that airlines companies are cannot chose which markets to function and which segments to target where passengers are pampered by the regulators and they have the full right to chose which airline company they want to avail (Lin and Ban 2014). This is main reason that the low lost carriers have successfully grounded the full service airlines. Besides, the online pricing war is also fierce for the airlines companies of the US which is also affecting the profitability of organizations. In spite of these figures that are showing that the airlines industry of the United States is growing, according to (Lu et al. 2014), it still remains less profitable than other airline industries. Identifying strategies for airline profitability According to International Air Transport Association (IATA), the US airline industry is expected to double its profits in 2017-2018 due to cheap oil price and increased demand for air travel. However, it is recommended to invest in fast growth carriers. The reasons behind such investment are hereby mentioned below. Favorable crude oil prices Low oil prices are continuing to benefit bottom line. Free up capital for investments in growth Consolidation among carriers Alaskan airlines and Virgin has merged to improve ALK west coast penetration and scale Two dissimilar types of merger which are consolidate overlapping routes and adding geographic scope Expected to continue at a modest pace in disjointed regions of the United States. No-frills pricing Enhancement of major carriers competitiveness through LCCs which will increase profit margins It can negatively affect the customer satisfaction level Subject to demand shocks It is expected that demand of consumers will increase in 2017 as the economy of the United States of America is improving A major risk is also there that includes risk from Zika virus and terrorist attacks If the investment rate increased in the US airlines industry, then the chances are high that it will overcome most of the issues that are not allowing the airlines industry of US to improve its profitability. On the other hand, another major problem that the airlines companies are facing from low cost carriers can also be minimized by using the recommendations stated under pricing strategy. Conclusion From the entire report, it can be concluded that the US airlines industry is not actually low on profitability. After the attacks of 9/11, the airlines industry of the US faced critical issues and downfall. Currently the situation is way better than before. However, it was expected that the industry will experience higher amount of growth from 2015 that did not happened actually. From the porters analysis, it is clear that high bargaining power of passengers along with the strong presence of low cost carriers and tremendous market competition is affecting the profitability of the overall airlines industry in the US. On the other hand, the strict rules and regulations implemented by the government to ensure customer safety is another reason that the airlines companies are forced to increase their operational cost. Operational cost is increasing; however, because of low cost carriers the airlines companies are unable to increase the ticket prices. As a result, margins of profitability are decreasing. In order to deal with these issues, a recommendation part is also added where some strategies are mentioned that the airlines companies of the US can use to increase their profitability. References Baker, D.M.A., 2013. Service quality and customer satisfaction in the airline industry: a comparison between legacy airlines and low-cost airlines.American Journal of Tourism Research,2(1), pp.67-77. Barla, P., 2013. Market share instability in the US airline industry.Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR),15(4), pp.67-80. Bazargan, M., Lange, D., Tran, L. and Zhou, Z., 2013. A simulation approach to airline cost benefit analysis.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,14(2), p.54. Belobaba, P., Odoni, A. and Barnhart, C., 2015.The global airline industry. John Wiley Sons. Borenstein, S. and Rose, N.L., 2014. How airline markets work or do they? Regulatory reform in the airline industry. InEconomic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?(pp. 63-135). University of Chicago Press. Brueckner, J.K., Lee, D. and Singer, E.S., 2013. Airline competition and domestic US airfares: A comprehensive reappraisal.Economics of Transportation,2(1), pp.1-17. Chang, Y.T., Park, H.S., Jeong, J.B. and Lee, J.W., 2014. Evaluating economic and environmental efficiency of global airlines: A SBM-DEA approach.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,27, pp.46-50. Choi, K., Lee, D. and Olson, D.L., 2015. Service quality and productivity in the US airline industry: a service quality-adjusted DEA model.Service Business,9(1), pp.137-160. Dai, M., Liu, Q. and Serfes, K., 2014. Is the effect of competition on price dispersion nonmonotonic? evidence from the us airline industry.Review of Economics and Statistics,96(1), pp.161-170. Dana, J.D., Dana, J.D., Schmitt, D.A. and Schmitt, D.A., 2017. The US airline industry in 1995.Kellogg School of Management Cases, pp.1-38. Hannigan, T.J., Hamilton III, R.D. and Mudambi, R., 2015. Competition and competitiveness in the US airline industry.Competitiveness Review,25(2), pp.134-155. Johnston, A. and Ozment, J., 2013. Economies of scale in the US airline industry.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,51, pp.95-108. Keiningham, T.L., Morgeson III, F.V., Aksoy, L. and Williams, L., 2014. Service failure severity, customer satisfaction, and market share: An examination of the airline industry.Journal of Service Research,17(4), pp.415-431. Lin, J. and Ban, Y., 2014. The evolving network structure of US airline system during 19902010.Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,410, pp.302-312. Lu, W.M., Hung, S.W., Kweh, Q.L., Wang, W.K. and Lu, E.T., 2014. Production and marketing efficiencies of the US airline industry: a two-stage network DEA approach. InData Envelopment Analysis(pp. 537-568). Springer US. Mallikarjun, S., 2015. Efficiency of US airlines: A strategic operating model.Journal of Air Transport Management,43, pp.46-56. Mayo, A., Nohria, N. and Rennella, M., 2016.Entrepreneurs, managers, and leaders: What the airline industry can teach us about leadership. Springer. Scotti, D. and Dresner, M., 2015. The impact of baggage fees on passenger demand on US air routes.Transport Policy,43, pp.4-10. Treanor, S.D., Simkins, B.J., Rogers, D.A. and Carter, D.A., 2014. Does operational and financial hedging reduce exposure? Evidence from the US airline industry.Financial Review,49(1), pp.149-172. Zou, B., Elke, M., Hansen, M. and Kafle, N., 2014. Evaluating air carrier fuel efficiency in the US airline industry.Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice,59, pp.306-330.

Jack Russell Terriers Essays - Terriers, Dog Breeds,

Jack Russell Terriers The Jack Russell terrier is a breed of dog developed in the 19th cent. by an English clergyman, the Reverend John (Parson Jack) Russell, 1795-1883, for hunting. The Jack Russell resembles the fox terrier and, like it, has two varieties, one with a short smooth coat, the other-the Parson Jack Russell terrier-wirehaired. It is a smaller dog than the fox terrier, however, weighing 9 to 18 lb (4 to 8 kg) and standing about 10 to 15 in. (25 to 38 cm) at the shoulder. The color is white with reddish brown, black, or tan markings. The Jack Russell has dark, almond-shaped eyes and V-shaped ears that are carried forward. The terrier is not a recognized American Kennel Club breed and less emphasis has been placed on its conforming to a breed standard than on its abilities as a hunting and companion dog. The breed can become aggressive and destructive if not given the attention and exercise required by a dog bred for hunting. Animal Science

Definitions and Examples of Debates

Definitions and Examples of Debates Broadly defined, a debate is a discussion involving opposing claims:  an argument. The word comes from Old French, meaning to beat. Its also known (in classical rhetoric) as  contentio. More specifically, a debate is a regulated contest in which two opposing sides defend and attack a proposition. Parliamentary debate is an academic event held at many schools, colleges, and universities. Debate Examples and Observations In several senses, there is no correct way to debate. Standards, and even rules, differ between- and sometimes within- communities...There are at least eight distinct college debate organizations with their own rules and styles of debate. (Gary Alan Fine, Gifted Tongues: High School Debate and Adolescent Culture. Princeton University Press, 2001) Skilled political debaters will first present their overall theme in the introductory statement if the opportunity to make such a statement is allowed in the debate format being used. Then they will reinforce it with answers to as many specific questions as possible. Finally, they will return to it in their concluding statement.(Judith S. Trent and Robert Friedenberg, Political Campaign Communication: Principles and Practices, 6th ed. Rowman Littlefield, 2008) Argumentation and Debate Argumentation is the process whereby humans use reason to communicate claims to one another. . . .Argumentation is useful in activities like negotiation and conflict resolution because it can be used to help people find ways to resolve their differences. But in some of these situations, differences cannot be resolved internally and an outside adjudicator must be called. These are the situations that we call debate. Thus, according to this view, debate is defined as the process of arguing about claims in situations where the outcome must be decided by an adjudicator.​ (The Debatabase Book. International Debate Education Association, 2009) How to argue is something people are taught. You learn it by watching other people, at the breakfast table, or in school, or on TV, or, lately, online. It’s something you can get better at, with practice, or worse at, by imitating people who do it badly.  More formal debate follows established rules and standards of evidence. For centuries, learning how to argue was the centerpiece of a liberal-arts education. (Malcolm X studied that kind of debate while he was in prison. Once my feet got wet, he said, I was gone on debating.) Etymologically and historically, the artes liberales are the arts acquired by people who are free, or liber. Debating, like voting, is a way for people to disagree without hitting one another or going to war: it’s the key to every institution that makes civic life possible, from courts to legislatures. Without debate, there can be no self-government.​ (Jill Lepore, The State of Debate. The New Yorker, September 19, 2016) Evidence in Debates Debate teaches cutting-edge  research skills. Because the quality of an argument often depends on the strength of the supporting evidence, debaters quickly learn to find the best evidence. This means going beyond run-of-the-mill Internet sources to government hearings, law reviews, professional journal articles, and book-length treatments of subjects. Debaters learn how to evaluate study methodology and source credibility...Debaters also learn how to process massive amounts of data into usable argument briefs. Argument briefs bring together the strongest logical reasons and evidence supporting various positions. The ability to gather and organize evidence into logical units is a skill that is treasured by business makers, government policy-makers, legal practitioners, scientists, and educators.​ (Richard E. Edwards, Competitive Debate: The Official Guide. Alpha Books, 2008) U.S. Presidential Debates American doesnt really have presidential debates. Instead, we have joint appearances where candidates recite talking points in settings so carefully controlled by party apparatchiks that the only real wrangling is over the height of the lecterns and the temperature of the drinking water. As with so many other aspects of the political process, debates that should be enlightening, perhaps even transformational, are instead stage-managed to satisfy the demands of power brokers with money and connections rather than the needs of democracy.​ (John Nichols, Open the Debates! The Nation, September 17, 2012)Thats what were missing. Were missing argument. Were missing debate. Were missing colloquy. Were missing all sorts of things. Instead, were accepting.​ (Studs Terkel) Women and Debates Following Oberlin Colleges admission of women in 1835, they were grudgingly permitted to have  rhetorical preparation in elocution, composition, criticism, and argument. Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown helped to organize the first womens debating society there, for women were banned from public speaking in their rhetoric classroom because of its mixed audience status.​ (Beth Waggenspack, Women Emerge as Speakers: Nineteenth-Century Transformations of Womens Role in the Public Area. The Rhetoric of Western Thought, 8th ed., by James L. Golden et al. Kendall/Hunt, 2003) Online Debates Debate is a maneuver where learners are divided onto opposing sides, generally as teams, to discuss a contentious issue. Learners are afforded the opportunity to improve their analytic and communication skills by formulating ideas, defending positions, and critiquing counter positions. Historically, a debate is a structured activity; however, online media permit a wider range of designs for online debates, from an inflexibly structured exercise to a process with minimal structure. When an online debate is more rigid, step-by-step instructions are provided for debate and defense, as in a formal face-to-face debate. When online debate is designed with less structure, it operates as an online discussion concerning a controversial issue.​ (Chih-Hsiung Tu, Online Collaborative Learning Communities. Libraries Unlimited, 2004) The Lighter Side of Debates Ms. Dubinsky: Wed like you to join our debate team.Lisa Simpson: We have a debate team?Ms. Dubinsky: Its the only extracurricular activity that doesnt require any equipment.Principal Skinner: Because of budget cuts, we had to improvise. Ralph Wiggum will be your lectern.​ (To Surveil, with Love, The Simpsons, 2010)

Islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Islam - Essay Example to a religious and cultural challenge since the two parts were constantly challenging each other giving rise to a conflict laden relationship between the two religious groups. There were different courses that were taken by each group and with the European taking a different approach they considered the Muslims as â€Å"others† who were not to be regarded in the same light as the Europeans did. It is therefore important to understand the patterns that came out in the middle-ages and the different discourses that had been established in order to understand the different beliefs and assertions by the European Christians towards Islam. This paper looks at the anti-Islam discourse of Medieval Europe that fueled the crusades to 19th century Orientalism that generated European colonialism. In 1798 the French led by Napoleon Bonaparte took over Egypt a fete that had not been managed before in the medieval age since they had taken one of the Islam controlled regions that drew a lot of power from the Islamic religion and beliefs. The French troops that took the city believed that they were liberating the people from the rule and taking and helping them gain enlightenment. The Europeans were in the era of enlightenment and although some of the philosophers took the beliefs of Islam and conceptualized their meanings in accordance to what is true others used the religion beliefs to prove their distaste with Christianity and the European beliefs (Harlow Barbara and Mia 58). There was also the paradigm of the superiority of European Civilization that became dominant among the academicians and Europeans. The rise of Europe seemed inevitable and Europe became the most dominant model due to its changes and rise of academic superiority over the other models thereby labeling Islam as â€Å"others†. The Muslims that were in this case being labeled as the Orient were associated with stagnation and immobility meaning that the Europeans considered Christianity and the European culture to

Where next for Grant Garden Centres Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Where next for Grant Garden Centres - Essay Example primarily located in the Farmoor village in South East London. The company is headed by John Grant. Jane and Malcolm daughter and son of John are also a part of the family business. The study looks to analyze and find out the key pain points of the business with respect to core business areas such as marketing, HR, finance and operations and provide a probable solution to overcome the hindrance caused by the pain points. During the course of the study various strategic and analytical frame works such as PEST analysis, SWOT analysis, etc has been used to get the desired outcome (Henry, 2008, p.89). External environment Analysis External or Macro environmental factors include factors that cannot be controlled by the organization and yet those factors tend to have a major impact on the business operations. Hence, an organization should keep a close eye on the developments of those factors and develop or modify business operations accordingly. The external environmental factors include P olitical, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors of (PESTEL). In the context of the present study two key factors in the form of Environmental and Technological has been chosen. Environmental With the rising threat of global warming people, government as well as corporate entities have become a lot more environment conscious. Keeping in mind the product is being produced by the company it provides a great opportunity to the company. This can help the company to grow business by targeting both B2B and B2C customer segment. Technological Technological changes have affected the business operations of companies round globe. Now days most of divisions in a company are IT enabled. Also rise of digital media has made sure that a website of a company becomes the face of the business. If a company does not have a website then it is equivalent to business suicide. Therefore, it is very important for Grant Garden Centres to become familiar with the technological facto r and use them to the fullest advantage. SWOT Analysis Strengths John’s passion for gardening Expansion of business to two different locations Revenue growth in 2005 to 2009 was 20% which indicates sustainable growth. Weaknesses Autocratic Attitude of the business head Lack of formal recruitment and selections process High Employee turn over Marketing and communications activity are not up to the mark. Lack of appropriate job delegation Lack of customer service and product training Lack of IT enablement Absence of company website Profitability and liquidity position are poor. Opportunity Customers as well as the governments have become a lot more conscious about environment There lies scope to use IT facilities to make the business operations a lot more robust in nature The company can achieve economies of scale if it reduces the operating cost and liquidate stock faster. Customers will prefer cash purchase if the company increase the promotion in effective way. Threats Recen t opening of a DIY store is a major threat considering the unstructured business operations. Losses of customers as there are very little customers that are repeating to the centres. 40% of the customers are over 55; i.e. the company is positioned as a youth oriented brand due to the traditional business outfit. Product diversification by other chains Under utilization of the land available. Recommended Action Plan From the above analysis it is quite clear that Grant Garden Centres needs to work upon each of the key business areas including Marketing, HR, Operations and finance. Therefore while delivering the recommended action plans each of the areas have

Theory of Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy and its Application

Theory of Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy and its Application SYED MASOOD HASSAN AKBARI Question 1: Describe theory of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and its use in pharmaceutical analysis. Current strategies for determining the structures of membrane proteins in lipid environments by NMR spectroscopy rely on the anisotropy of nuclear spin interactions, which are experimentally accessible through experiments performed on weakly and completely aligned samples. Importantly, the anisotropy of nuclear spin interactions results in a mapping of structure to the resonance frequencies and splatting’s observed in NMR spectra. Distinctive wheel-like patterns are observed in two-dimensional 1H–15N heteronuclear dipolar/15N chemical shift PISEMA (polarization inversion spin-exchange at the magic angle) spectra of helical membrane proteins in highly aligned lipid bilayer samples (Marassi and Opella, 2000; Wang et al., 2000). One dimensional dipolar waves are an extension of two-dimensional PISA (polarity index slant angle) wheels that map protein structures in NMR spectra of both weakly and completely aligned samples (Marassi and Opella, 2000). Dipolar waves describe t he periodic wave-like variations of the magnitudes of the heteronuclear dipolar couplings as a function of residue number in the absence of chemical shift effects. Since weakly aligned samples of proteins display these same effects, primarily as residual dipolar couplings, in solution NMR spectra, this represents a convergence of solid-state and solution NMR approaches to structure determination (Marassi and Opella, 2000). NMR structural studies of proteins There are three principal spectroscopic considerations for NMR structural studies of proteins: the overall rotational correlation time of the protein, the extent of alignment of the protein in the sample, and the strategy for assignment of the resonances to sites in the protein. Each of these considerations needs to be taken into account in the development of NMR for structural studies of membrane proteins (Opella, 1997). For relatively small globular proteins, the sample conditions, instrumentation, experiments, and calculations that lead to structure determination are well established (Cavanagh et al., 1996). The chief requirement for structure determination of globular proteins is that samples can be prepared of isotopically labelled polypeptides that are folded in their native conformation and reorient relatively rapidly in solution. Such samples have been prepared for many hundreds of proteins, and it is likely that this can be done for thousands more of the polypeptide sequence s found in genomes (Wuthrich, 1998). This is not yet the case for membrane proteins. Resonance assignments The traditional approach to protein structure determination is based on the same overall principles, whether solution NMR or solid-state NMR methods are used and whether the sample is aligned or not. This involves the resolution of resonances through the use of isotopic labels and multidimensional NMR experiments, the measurement of spectral parameters associated with individual resonances, for example, NOEs, J couplings, dipolar couplings, or chemical shift frequencies, the assignment of all resonance to specific sites in the protein, and then the calculation of structures. There are examples of the application of this approach to membrane proteins in micelles (Almeida and Opella, 1997) and bilayers (Opella et al., 1999). The availability of orientation information associated with individual resonances means that it is now possible to make effective use of limited amounts of assignment information, for example, some residue-type assignments or a few sequential assignments. It may al so be feasible to implement an â€Å"assignment-free† approach. The use of either limited or no assignment information prior to calculating structures would greatly speed the process of structure determination by NMR spectroscopy, especially in the case of membrane proteins where assignments are difficult to make in nearly all situations due to overlap of resonances and unfavourable relaxation parameters. Dipole–dipole interaction The local field, which results from the interaction between two nearby nuclei, is a direct source of structural information. Pake’s (1948) seminal paper demonstrated that the dipole–dipole interaction between two spin S = 1/2 nuclei is manifested as a doublet in NMR spectra, with the frequency difference a function of not only the distance between the two nuclei but also the angle between the internuclear vector and the direction of the applied magnetic field. The dipole–dipole interaction provides direct access to geometrical parameters that can be translated into molecular structures. Moreover, it is important for many aspects of solid-state NMR spectroscopy; for example, it is essential to minimize its influence through decoupling to obtain well-resolved spectra. In this regard, it is generally easier to deal with heteronuclear rather than homonuclear dipolar couplings. Heteronuclear dipolar couplings are used extensively to determine the structures of protein s, in particular the 1H–15N interaction at the amide sites in the protein backbone. Uniform labelling with 15N is particularly valuable in proteins because the properties of a â€Å"dilute spin† are retained, since the next nearest amide nitrogen is separated by two carbon atoms in the polypeptide backbone (Cross et al., 1982). In addition, each 15N label in an amide site provides three spin interactions for analysis: the 15N chemical shift, the 1H chemical shift, and, of course, the 1H–15N heteronuclear dipolar coupling between the two directly bonded nuclei. The dipole–dipole interaction is anisotropic; therefore, the value of the splitting varies with molecular orientation. It is maximal for an N–H bond parallel to the field, half-maximal when the bond is perpendicular to the field, and zero when the bond is at the â€Å"magic angle†. All of these possibilities are observed in experimental data from aligned proteins. The 1H–15N het eronuclear dipolar interaction has the dual roles of providing a mechanism for resolving among resonances with N–H bonds at different orientations and of providing the input for structure determination in the form of frequency measurements that can be translated into angles between individual bonds and the external axis imposed by the magnetic field. The angular information can then be used in conjunction with the well-established geometry of peptide planes to determine the three-dimensional structure of the polypeptide backbone (Opella et al., 1987). These methods can be extended to additional nitrogen and carbon sites for characterization of side chain conformations. Separated local field spectroscopy (Waugh 1976) combines several of the elements of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy to average out the unwanted broadening influences of homonuclear dipolar couplings and double resonance and multidimensional spectroscopy to average out and separate the heteronuclear dipolar couplings in different parts of the experiment. The chemical shift dimension in two-dimensional separated local field spectra is intrinsically high resolution because it is obtained while decoupling the hydrogens to remove the broadening due to heteronuclear dipolar couplings. Homonuclear dipolar couplings are minimal among the dilute nuclei and generally do not require attention. This enables the dipolar couplings between bonded pairs of 1H and 15N nuclei to be measured for individual 15N sites with different chemical shift frequencies. The original versions of separated local field spectroscopy have more than adequate resolution for studies of peptides or specifically or selectively labelled proteins. However, further improvements in resolution were needed for studies of uniformly 15N labelled proteins. PISEMA (polarization inversion spin-exchange at the magic angle) (Wu et al., 1994) is a high-resolution version of separated local field spectroscopy. Line widths in the key dipolar frequency dimension are reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared with the conventional separated local field experiment. The combination of narrow lines and favourable scaling factor has such a dramatic effect on the appearance of the spectra that it is now feasible to formulate solid-state NMR experiments where heteronuclear dipolar coupling frequencies complement chemical shifts as a mechanism for spectroscopic resolution as well as the measurement of readily interpretable orientationally dependent frequencies. PISA (polarity index slant angle) wheels The secondary structure and topology of a membrane protein can be described by the patterns of resonances observed in two-dimensional PISEMA spectra of uniformly 15N labelled polypeptides in aligned bilayers (Marassi and Opella, 2000; Wang et al., 2000). The characteristic â€Å"wheel-like† patterns observed in these spectra reflect helical wheel projections of residues in both transmembrane and in-plane helices. Therefore, PISA wheels provide direct indices of both secondary structure and topology. The resonance frequencies in both the 1H–15N heteronuclear dipolar and 15N chemical shift dimensions in PISEMA spectra of aligned samples of membrane proteins depend on helix orientation as well as on backbone dihedral angles, the magnitudes and orientations of the principal elements of the amide 15N chemical shift tensor, and the N–H bond length. It is possible to calculate spectra for any protein structure (Bak et al., 2002). The principals involved in the PISA whee l analysis of helices (Marassi and Opella, 2000) are illustrated in Fig. 2. In Fig. 2A, the projection down the axis of a helical wheel shows that the 3.6 residues per turn periodicity characteristic of an ÃŽ ±-helix results in an arc of 100 ° between adjacent residues. The drawing of a peptide plane in Fig. 2B shows the orientations of the principal axes of the three operative spin interactions at the 15N-labelled amide site. The 17 ° difference between the N–H bond axis and the ÏÆ'33 principal element of the amide 15N chemical shift tensor is of particular importance because of its impact on the spectral appearance of a PISA wheel. The striking wheel-like pattern of resonances calculated from a two-dimensional PISEMA spectrum of an ideal helix is shown in Fig. 2C. A PISA wheel reflects the slant angle (tilt) of the helix, and the assignment of the resonances reflects the polarity index (rotation) of the helix. When the helix axis is parallel to the bilayer normal, all of the amide sites have an identical orientation relative to the direction of the applied magnetic field, and therefore, all of the resonances overlap with the same dipolar coupling and chemical shift frequencies. Tilting the helix away from the membrane normal results in variations in the orientations of the amide N–H bond vectors relative to the field. This is seen in the spectra as dispersions of both the heteronuclear dipolar coupling and the chemical shift frequencies. Nearly all transmembrane helices are tilted with respect to the bilayer normal, and it is the combination of the tilt and the 17 ° difference between the tensor orientations in the molecular frame that makes it possible to resolve many resonances from residues in otherwise uniform helices and is responsible for the wheel-like pattern in PISEMA spectra, such as that illustrated in Fig. 2C. Figure 1: Illustrates principles of PISA wheels (Marassi and Opella, 2000). (A) Helical wheel showing the 100 ° arc between adjacent residues that is a consequence of the periodicity of 3.6 residues per turn in an ÃŽ ±-helix; (B) orientations of the principal elements of the spin interaction tensors associated with 15N in a peptide bond; (C) PISA wheel for an ideal ÃŽ ±-helix; (D) dipolar wave for an ideal ÃŽ ±-helix. Question 2: Structure Elucidation for C11H15NO.HCl Mw = 213.70 FT-IR Shows a sharp peak at 1690cm-1 which is representative of a C=O functional group. There is a broad peak turning up at the 3500cm-1 representative of a C-H group. 1H NMR Shows a cluster of peaks from 7.62-8.02ppm showing up as 5H. This means that the benzene ring is branched at one location. 5.25ppm shows up as a 1H this is the CH group 2.97-3.03ppm are the 2CH ­Ã‚ ­3 groups bonded to the Nitrogen. 1.64ppm comes up as a doublet with 3H this means that it is a methyl. The strong peak at the 4.80ppm is representative of the amine. 13C NMR The useful information gathered from this spectra is as there are negative peaks showing up so the angle at which this spectra was got was at 1350 clearly showing the CH2 in the ring and the benzene facing down. 196.51ppm shows the negative peak of the benzene ring. 136.69ppm shows the CH2 groups in the benzene ring. The peaks ranging from 128.54-131.90 are of the symmetrical benzene ring carbons. 69.57ppm is the CH3 group close to the ketone. 41.29ppm is the CH group which is beside the ketone. 14.46ppm is the 2 CH3 groups bonded to the amine. EI-MS Shows a small signal at 29 m/z which is representative of a CHO group. And the signal at 72 m/z is representative of a H3CHC=N+(CH ­3)2 ion. Chemical Structure Figure 1: Shows the structure of C11H15NO.HCl. 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Strategy for nitrogen NMR of biopolymers.J. Am. Chem. Soc.1982;104:1759–1761. Griffin RG. Dipolar recoupling in MAS spectra of biological solids.Nat. Struct. Biol. NMR Suppl.1998;II:508–512.[PubMed] Howard KP, Opella SJ. High resolution solid-state NMR spectra of integral membrane proteins reconstituted into magnetically oriented phospholic bilayers.J. Magn. Reson.1996;112:91–94.[PubMed] Ma C, Opella SJ. Lanthanide ions bind specifically to an added â€Å"EF-hand† and orient a membrane protein in micelles for solution NMR spectroscopy.J. Magn. Reson.2000;146:381–384.[PubMed] Marassi FM, Opella SJ. A solid-state NMR index of helical membrane protein structure and topology.J. Magn. Reson.2000;144:150–155.[PMC free article][PubMed] Marassi FM, Ramamoorthy A, Opella SJ. Complete resolution of the solid-state NMR spectrum of a uniformly15N-labeled membrane protein in phospholipid bilayers.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. A.1997;94:8551–8556.[PMC free article][PubMed] McDonnell PA, Opella SJ. 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